Means for lubricating the pistons and valves of engines



Feb '14, 1928.. 1,659,356

A. D. J. FORSTER MEANS FOR LUBRICATING THE PISTONS AND VALVES OF ENGINES Filed July 9, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet l A ZfreaZ flan 565170272 first a How-M44 Feb. 14,1928.

A. D. J. FORSTER MEANS FOR LUBHICATING THE PISTONS AND VALVES OF ENGINES Filed y 1923 2 Sheets-$heet 2 Patented Feb. 14, 1928.

UNITED STATES 1,659,356 PATENT OFFICE.

ALFRED DAVID JOHN FORSTER, OF SYDNEY, NEW SOUTH WALES, AUSTRALIA, AS- SIGNOR TO DETROIT LUBRICATOR COMPANY, 015 DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

MEANS FOR LUBRICATING THE PISTONS AND VALVES F ENGINES.

Applicationfiled. July 9, 1923, Serial No. 650,558, and in Australia June 15, 1922.

This invention relates to improved means for lubricating the pistons and valves and rods thereof of engines, particularly locomotives, or other engines with cylinders approximately horizontah The invention comprises a nozzle or nozzles positioned on the side of the cylinder and in communication therewith so that a regulated supply of lubricant from ame to chanical or other lubricator at sultable pressure can be projected therethrough to the upper internal surface of the cylinder and onto the piston rod and lltlll-IOd, if one be fitted. when the piston is on the exhaust i5 stroke or whenever the pressure in the cylinder is less than the pressure behind the n0zzle or nozzles.

The film of lubricant deposited on the upper internal surface of the cylinder is (hean tributed around the complete surface by the wiping action of the piston. In the case of a steam engine the valve faces are fed by the continual progress of a film of lubrlcant from the cylinder walls along the ports to the valve faces, such film feedlng outwards from the cylinder owing to the greater volume of exhaust steam compared with steam admitted to the cylinder.

An additional nozzle or nozzles may be fitted to a steam chest at convenient positions to project the lubricant to the upper surface of the chamber.

I may make the nozzle d vergent so as to produce ajet of high velocity and may arrange for ways or passages to lead the lubricant and condensate from the internal periphery of the lubricant feed pipe to the centre of the jet.

But in order that my invention may be 0 more clearly comprehended I will now refer to the accompanying drawings 1n which it; is illustrated as applied to a locomotive cylinder and steam chest.

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a l'lOll" zontal cylinder fitted with two nozzles, while Figure 2 is a sectional plan view showing nozzles fitted to a steam chest.

Figure 3 is a cross sectional elevation of the preferred form of nozzle and means of connection to the cylinder and steam and 011 supply. t

Figure 4 is an inverted plan view of the nozzle diaphragm.

Figure 5 is a side elevation of Figure 4, and

Figure 6, a section on line (i6, Figure 4 The same numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

8 (Figure 1) is a steam cylinder with piston 9, piston rod 10 and tail rod 11, while 12 (Figure 2) represents a steam chest with valve 13, valve rod lat and inlet ports 15 and 1G. l7, 17 are the nozzles provided internally with the diaphragm 18. This diaphragm has radial slots 19 on its underside which lead oil to the centre opening or orifice 20. concentric to which are holes or passages 21 through which steam passes. 22 is the nozzle orifice rounded at 23 so that oil and steam may freely pass therethrough.

The nozzle may be threaded at 24 for at tachment to the cylinder or the like. The body of the nozzle 25 may be in the form of an elbow or as required and is provided with a suitable gland 26 for the steam and oil pipe connection 27. 28 represent the steam and oil pipes which may have suitable choke or similar fittings at 29 attached thereto.

In operation, lubricant is fed into the pipes 28 at the desired rate, said pipes being connected to the boiler under steam pressure approximately the maximum pressure used or developed in the cylinder 8. The flow of the lubricant and steam may pass through suitable chokes 29 to increase the pressure and thence through the nozzles 17 into the cylinder. When operating, if the piston 9 is in the midway position between the two injection nozzles 17, there will be a general flow of fluid from the higher pressure side to the lower pressure side through the pipes 28, thus aiding the flow through the nozzle 17 at lower pressure. IVhen the piston 9 is not midway between the nozzles 17, the fluid pressure on both will in general be less than the fluid pressure inthe pipes 28 and thereby both nozzles 17 will feed.

I'Vith the internal arrangement of the nozzles 17 as illustrated in Figure 3, the diaphragm collects the film of oil which at norfeed pipe 28 and delivers it at the. central opening 20 thereby forcing it in with the steam from the passages 21 into the cylinder or the like being lubricated.

The oil after being sprayed against the upper surface of the cylinder flows around same, the piston 9 on reciprocation acting as a wiper and evenly distributing it over the internal surface. The piston rod 10 'mal velocities flows on the interior of the and tail rod 11 are also lubricated at the same time.

It is obvious that in the case of vertical. cylinders nozzles positioned oppositely, prei crably at different levels, will spray the in ternal surface of a cylinder, and that in the case o'l cylinder and valves of other, than steam engines, air under pressure may be used with the lubricantinstead ot steam.

l would have it understood that. I do not restrict myself to the number of nozzles or to the'precise construction illustrated.

l claim 1. in a lubricating device for steam engines. the unnhination with a cylinder having a reariprocalale piston therein, out means for supplying lubricant and steam under pressure, a nozzle inserted in the wall of said ylinder having inlet and discharge passageways and an enlarged chamber therehetween, a i'liaphragin fixedly mounted in said chamber having a central opei'iing, a plurality of peripherally arranged steani apertures, and radial slots leading to said central opening, said radial slots being adapted to lead the oil from the periphery of the disk towards the center opening therein. 2 In a lubricz ting device for steam engines, the combination with a cylinder having a reeiprocahle piston therein, of means for supplying lubricant and steam under pressure, a nozzle inserted in-tlie Wall of said cylinder having inlet and discharge passage ways, and an enlarger l chamber thcrebetween, a diaphragm fixedly mounted in said chainher having a central opening, a plurality oif peripherally arranged steam apertures, and radial slots leading to said central opening, id diaphragm being prorideifl with a ccutrally disposed portion projecting from one lace thereof and tcrlniimting in cloee proxiinily to the discharge passage and having a reduced opening therein connected with the central opening and placing the same in conn'nunieation with the discharge opening. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set, in hand. 

